Building construction



May '22, 1934., J, BROGDEN 1,959,899

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Filed Feb. 2, 193.2 2 Sheets-Sheet l FIC-. Z

May 22, 19154.` J. BROGDEN 9 1,959,899

I BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Filed Feb. 2, 1932 2 sheets-sheet 2 M im J INVENTOR- Jaiz ragdxz,

A TTORNEYS.

Patented May 22, 1934l UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 7 Claims.

My invention relates to building construction, my aim being to provide a simple knockdown construction that can be rapidly and cheaply manufactured, conveniently shipped and transported, easily and quickly erected, and can also be taken down, moved and re-erected,-all at relatively small cost. I also aim to secure a complete and satisfactory nish, inside and out, by

the mere process of erection (and painting if desired), without necessity for plaster-ing, application of wall board, papering, or any other such measures. In suitable forms of construction, such as hereinafter described, my invention lends itself to Variations in size of the building; gives a very pleasing appearance; and makes the building Warm and easy to heat, owing to the thermo-insulative character of the Walls, as well as to their tightness against wind and drafts. It also permits changes in the building to be easily made, such as shifts in the locations of windows or doors, or installation of additional windows o doors where desired, etc.

The invention is readily adaptable and very advantageous for gasoline filling and service stations, and I have hereinafter illustrated, described and explained it as embodied in a building suitable for this purpose.

In the drawings, Fig. I is a front elevation of such a building conveniently embodying my invention.

Fig. II is a diagrammatic plan view of the building, with the rear portion broken away and omitted, and with the walls in horizontal section somewhat below the eaves.

Fig. lII shows a Vertical section through the side wall of the building, taken as indicated by the line and arrows III-III in Fig. II, with a portion broken out.

Fig. IV is a fragmentary horizontal section through the wall and an associated molding, taken as indicated by the line and arrow IV-IV in Fig. III.

Fig. V vis a fragmentary horizontal section through the wall and one of its studs, taken at the break in Fig. III.

Fig. VI is a similar view illustrating the construction at a window.

Fig. VII is a fragmentary inside View at the top of the side wall, showing one of the members of the roof structure inA vertical section,- the view being taken as indicated by the line and arrows VII- VII in Fig. III; and,

Fig. VIII shows a vertical section through the lower portion of the lside wall of the building,

taken similarly to Fig. III, but showing a somewhat different construction.

In Figs. I and II, the invention is shown as embodied in 'a rectangular building with a. hip

roof. There is a door 10 in the middle of the 60 front side or end of the building, and other doors 11, 11 in the side walls, as Well as an additional door 12 in one side, toward the rear of the building, which may be of suicient size to allow the rear portion of the building to be used as a garage. The front has large windows 13, 13 that can be used as show Windows, if desired, and there are other windows 14 in the side walls. Across the middle of the building are two partitions 15, 15 parallel with the front wall; and the space between them is divided into two small rooms by a double partition 16, 16. These rooms are accessible from the exterior through the side doors l1, 11, and may conveniently be used as lavatories. Fig. II shows an illustrative furnishing of the building, the various articles of furniture being shown in conventional outline and labeled as far as necessary.

'Ihe building may be erected on a concrete base or platform 19 which affords a floor and a foun- 80 dation. As shown in Figs. I, II, III, IV, V and VI, the outside walls (and likewise the interior partitions) consist of a series of metal uprights or studs 20, of T-bar section, and intenvening panels or panel units 21 held in place by the up- 85 rights 20. The lower ends of the uprights 20 are secured (as by bolts 22 through the stud head or ilanges 23) to the upstanding flange of a sillangle 24 (Figs. III and V) suitably mounted and secured on the base or foundation 19, as by anchor bolts 25. At the foot of the wall is a hollow exterior base 26 of sheet metal whose lower portion is flanged inward and upward and secured to the upright flange of the angle 24 by the bolts 22 already mentioned. At the inner upper corner 95 of this base 26, the sheet metal is turned downward in a ange 27 and then upward in a (semicircular) bead 27a and a flange 28, that lies snug against the outer faces of the panels 21 and affords a trough to hold caulking material, as hereinafter described. At the stud flanges or pilasters 23, the flange 28 is offset inward (at the expense of the bead 27a) to accommodate the heads or flanges 23, to which the doubled flanges 27, 28 are secured by bolts 29. As will be seen from Fig. V, the T-stud anges 23 form pilaster-like upright projections from the external wall surface.

The upper ends of the uprights 20 are interconnected and braced by an angle-bar plate 31 whose vertical flange is suitably secured to the ll0 flanges or heads 23 of said uprights, as by bolts 32. As shown in Figs. Iand III, there is a sheet metaleaves cornice 33 in front of the plate angle 31. At the upper edge of this molding or cornice 33, the sheet metal is bent inward horizontally to form a cap plate portion 34 overlying the plate angle 31 and the upper edges of the panels 21. The plate portion 34 has an upstanding flange 35, shown in Fig. III as located just inside the line of the inner surfaces of the panels 21, and as formed by doubling the sheet metal of the plate 34 inward on itself and then bending it upward at right angles. As shown in Figs. III and VII, the (lower chord) member 36 of the roof truss (not shown) rests on the plate angle 31, to which it may be secured as by bolts 37. This member 36 is shown in Fig. VII as a T-bar extending through a corresponding angular opening in the upstanding flange 35 of the cap plate 34. The corresponding portion of the cap plate or cover 34 may also be cut away (as well as the doubled in portion that carries the flange 35) to let the truss member 36 engage directly with the angle 31. At the bottom of the cornice 33, its sheet metal wall forms a vertical flange 38 whose margin is turned inward and upward in a (semicircular) bead 39 with a final flange that lies snug against the outer faces of the panels 21. At the stud flanges or pilasters 23, the final flange is offset inward, at the expense of the bead 39, to accommodate the heads or flanges 23, as shown in Figs. III, and in IV at 39a.

At each T-upright or stud 20, the edges of the associated panels 21, 21 abut against or lie adjacent the web of the T, and their outer surfaces lie against the head flanges 23, 23, of the T (Fig. V). The panels 21, 2l are held and secured in this positiondoy clamping means 40, preferably of resilient sheet metal, secured to the (web of) the upright 20 as by screws 41. The securing means 40 shown in Fig. III are continuous the whole height of the panels 2l, consisting of vertical cover or cap strip overlying the web of the T and. pressing against the inner surfaces of the panels 21 at either side of the web, directly opposite the T head flanges 23, 23. As here shown, the depth of the web of the T upright 20 exceeds the thickness of the panels 21, and the cover or cap strip 40 is correspondingly channelled to accommodate or enclose the excess depth of the web. The cover strips 40 are secured at suitable intervals by the screws 41 taking into tapped holes in the T-webs,-said holes being formed by first drilling the web and then expanding it somewhat before tapping. Preferably, the depth of the cap channel 40 exceeds the corresponding width of the T-web, so that the bottom gf the channel is not in contact with the edge of the web, but is separated therefrom by an air gap. This minimizes the direct metallic connection from the strip 40 to the head 23 of the stud 20 and thus also minimizes the conduction of heat either inward or outward. Preferably, the solid panels 21 may be of laminated building board, which may be sheathed with metal on its outer face, if preferred. They may be of thermo-insulative and soundproof character, and/or, if desired, of reproof character. Other panels may, of course, be glazed, or may embody window or door frames with movable sashes or doors.

Where a window frame or sash panel 14 is introduced into the wall between adjacent uprights 20, 20, as at 14 in Fig. II, its edges or stiles 44 may be held as in Fig. VI between the T-heads 23, 23 of said uprights and their clamping means or cover strips, which are shown as channels 40a of heavier section than the cover strips 40 in Fig. V: i. e., ordinary rolled channel sections. As here shown, the vertical stiles 44 of the frame 14 are of angle-bar sash section, and filler strips 45 (building board or other material) of the same thickness as the panels 21 are interposed between the flanges of the stiles 44 and the cap strips 40a. The frames of the various door panels l0, 11, 12 may be of angle-bar section, and mounted like the window frames 44.

Appropriate measures may be taken to make the various joints sufficiently wind and weathertight. As shown in Fig. III, suitable caulking material 46 is placed between the outer edge of the sill plate 25 and the foundation 19, which is suitably reduced under part of the width of the plate 25. Such Caulking 46 is also interposed between the lower edges of the panels 21 and the sill angle 24. Caulking 46 is likewise placed (Figs. V and VI) between the outer faces of the panels 21 and the overlying stud flanges 23, and in the angles of the T-stud 20 around the corners of the panels 2l. To exclude water from the interior of the hollow base 26, its flange trough 27 already mentioned is charged with Caulking material 46, which is filled out flush with the bevelled top surface of the base 26 against the outer faces of the panels 21.

Besides other advantages that will be apparent to those skilled in the art, it is to be particularly noticed that any of the panels 21 and/ or windows 14, or doors 10, ll, can be removed (inward) at any time, by simply detaching the corresponding clamps or cover strips 40, 40a by unscrewing their securing screws 4l. This allows doors, windows, and solid panels to be interchanged or shifted in any way desired. Panels 21 and window frames 44 can, of course, be installed one above another between the same adjacent studs 20, 20, as shown in Fig. I. As the frame structure formed by the studs 20, still plate and angle 26, 24, and plate angle bar 31 and cap plate 34, as well as the superjacent roof, is essentially independent of the panels 21 for strength and stability, it can be completely erected, if desired, before any of the panels 21 are installed. However, it may sometimes be desirable to install some of the panels 21 during erection of the frame, to sway-brace and stiffen the latter.

As shown in Figs. III and VII, the margins of the ceiling panels 47 may rest on the cap plate 34 inside its flange 35 as well as on the anges of the member 36, and may be/held in place by extensions 48 of the flange 35, bent inward on a slope that will allow the edge of a panel 47 to be slipped under said flange easily.

Fig. VIII shows a construction in which the hollow base 26 of Fig. III is omitted. A filler plate or strip 50 is shown interposed between the lower flange of the base angle 24 and the concrete foundation 19, affording room for caulking 46, 46 under the edges of this angle. Caulking 46 is also Shown between the upstanding flange of the angle 24 and the outer faces of the panel 21. Other parts and features are marked with the same reference characters as in Fig. III, as a means of dispensing with repetitive description. While the ller plate 50 blocks up the base angle 24 to afford room for calking to render the wall base joint watertight, it does not interfere with anchoring the angle 24 to the foundation 19 byexpansion bolts 25 taking through the horizontal' angle flange.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:-

1. A building construction of the character described comprising a frame including T-studs, an angle-bar plate interconecting the upper ends of said studs, a roof supported by said plate, panels interposed between adjacent studs, detachable cap strips of a depth exceeding the corresponding width of the T-stud web for removably holding said panels against the T-stud anges and covering over their joints with provision of air gaps for heat insulation, and the head anges of said studs and the cap strips respectively forming outside and inside nish for the building aforesaid.

2. A building construction of the character described comprising a wall formed by a series of metal T-studs; intervening panels, thinner than the depth of the T-stud webs, with their edges adjacent said webs; chaiinel caps secured over the webs of said T-studs so as to compensate for the less thickness of said panels; said caps be-v ing of a depth exceeding the corresponding width of the T-'stud webs to form substantial air gaps between adjoining panels, and cooperating with the T-stud flanges to hold said panels; and the channel caps and T-stud head flanges respectively forming outside and inside nish for the building aforesaid.

3. In a building construction of the character described a wall formed by a series of metal T- studs, intervening panels with their edges adjacent the edges of said T-studs, clamping means secured to the webs of said T-studs and cooperating with their flanges to hold said panels, and angle-plates with their vertical anges secured to the anges of said T-studs for maintaining the latter in rigid parallelism.

4. In a building construction of the character described a wall formed by a series of metal T- studs, intervening panels with their edges adjacent the edges of said T-studs, clamping means secured to the webs of said T-studs and cooperating with their iianges to hold said panels, upper and lower angle plates secured by their vertical anges to the T-studs, and a sheet metal molding with a cap-plate portion attached to and extending inward over the upper angle plate and top edges of the studs and panels.

5. In a building construction of the character described a wall formed by a series of metal T- studs, intervening panels with their edges adjacent the edges of said T-studs, clamping means secured to the webs of said T-studs and cooperating with their flanges to hold said panels, upper and lower angle plates secured by their vert-ical anges to the T-studs, and a sheet metal molding with a cap-plate portion attached to and extending inward over the upper angle-plate horizontal flange and edges of the studs and panels, said cap-plate having an upstanding ange at an intermediate point in its width.

6. In a building construction of the character described a wall formed by a series of vertical metal T-studs, intervening panels with their edges adjacent the edges of said T-studs, clamping means secured to the webs of said T-studs and cooperating with their anges to hold said panels, and a sheet metal molding with a cap-plate portion attached to and extending inward over the upper edges of said panels and then doubly rebent up, out, up and in, for the purpose specified.

7. The combination with wall panels of a T- stud having its web intervening between said panels expanded and tapped at intervals, and

JOAH BROGDEN. 

